![]() ![]() 2 In both groups, the respective opposite depth arrangement was the case when the bar appeared below fixation. 1 If it appeared above fixation, binocular disparity would signal either that the left-hand side was nearer than the right (Group A), or the right-hand side nearer than the left (Group B). Participants were trained to temporarily adopt to a location (above or below fixation) as a depth cue by performing a depth discrimination task for 3 blocks of 60 trials consisting of a fixation cross (500ms), which was replaced by the Question “Which side is nearer/further?” for 1 second and then by a fixation cross for a further 500ms followed by a rectangle in one of two positions, either above or below fixation. In this experimental design, our aim is to confirm that vision in adults is still modifiable by association training of specific retinal locations with certain depth arrangements of stimuli, such that the presentation of a depth-ambiguous stimulus at a particular location would cause it to be perceived as having a certain depth arrangement. have shown that adults can learn to associate any arbitrary stimulus feature with depth and that these features by themselves would elicit depth perception. The question we are addressing here is whether this ability to learn new cues to depth is still present in human adults? Backus et al. Hence, human infants seem to learn which cues in the visual input signal depth. ![]() At this age, they can already distinguish different depths, but only learn to appreciate fully what they “mean” once they gain locomotor experience. Even younger infants showed a change in heart rate, when held over the different parts in the experimental setup of the “visual cliff”. Only very few did, but when put on the transparent safety glass, they happily crawled over, which leads to the assumption that these infants could accurately interpret the depth cues. Infants of crawling age, around 7 months upward, were placed on a dark surface next to a transparent sheet of safety glass at a height of about 1 m above the floor, and were incentivised by their mothers to crawl across it. Perception of depth has been investigated by the “visual cliff” paradigm - first used by Gibson and Walk. Infant perception cannot be measured directly, but indirect measures such as physiological and behavioural ones are possible. ![]() One of the classical debates in psychology is to what extent our ability to perceive the world is biologically-predetermined versus the product of postnatal experience. ![]()
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